Relay



Patented Feb. 14, 1933 noon 3. rat, or IO monaroam, mconronam, You

m JERSEY, ASBIGNOB '10 BELL men 0! NEW YORK, N. Y, A. (XDBPORLTIOH OI m RELAY Application fled December a, 1m. lerlal Io. 142,112.

This invention relates to relays and its object is to im rove the operatin characteristics and efliciency of electro-po arized relays.

Heretofore polarized relays have been known having a magnetic structure comprising two cores forming a closed magnetic circult, an armature and a separate magnetic circuit including the cores and armature.

A feature of this invention is a structure ofthiskind with an operating winding on one core and one or more polarizing windings on the other core so arranged that with tion of the armature will take the energization of the operating winding within certain limits and the ener ation of the polarizing winding or win lugs to produce flux of-a certain degree in the core on which .said polarizing windings are wound a partial operation of the armature will talre place, while with the energization of the operating winding within said limits and the energization of the polarizing winding or windings to cause flux of a certain ot er degree in the core, a com lets operaace. According to this inventiori a structure of this kind is provided with an operating winding on one core and two polarizing windings on the other core such that the energization of the operating winding and both polarizing windings causes apartial operation of the armature while energization of the operating-winding and one polarizing winding causes complete operation of the armature. By this arrangement the operation of the relay is made more independent of variations in the current supply for the operating winding.

The invention as been illustrated in the accompanying drawing in which Fig. 1

- shows, in general, the physical arrangement of a relay embodying the invention; Fig. 2 is a graphic'representation of the electromagnetic pull versus ampere turn characteristics of this relay, while Fig. 3 shows the use of this relay in a line switch circuit. For circult arrangements including line switches of the type shown in Fig. 3 and selectors and connectors that may function therewith reference-may be had to Patents 1,725,152 Auary 27, 1930 to J. Wicks.

ferring now to the drawing, a relay embodying operating characteristics in accord ance with this invention may be designed along the lines shown in Fig. 1. For example, the relay may consist of two parallel magnetic cores 1 and 2 connected together at one end by a member 3 of magneticmaterial and at the other end by a member 4 of magnetic material to form a closed magnetic circuit. Member 4 also serves as a pole piece for a separate ma etic circuit from the two cores throu h e armature 5, which is ivoted to the rec end of the pole piece 4. e armature 5 is provided with an arm 6 for control of the contacts 7. Core 1 is provided with polarizing windings 8 and 9 and core 2 with an operating winding 10.

gust 20,1929 to o. E. Lomax and 1,742,884

The arrangement of the windings and the sources of energizing current therefor may be such thatthe energization of the operatingawinding and the energization of the two rizing windings in a series aiding relation will cause the armature to be attracted with a certain electroma etic pull to produce a corresponding e eet on the switching contacts. For example, this electromagnetic pull may cause the armature to move onl a definite distance, against a suitable yie ding means such as a spring for holdlngit in normal position, to open certam contacts only. On the other hand, the arrangement is such that if the operating wind ing and only one of the polarizin windings are energized, the armature will attracted with a difierent electromagnetic pull to cause all of the contacts normally closed to open and the contacts normally opened to c ose.

Elti

- pl a may be less than the current therethrough 8 when energized current t- -rongh winding alone. Hence althou h the turns are increased when both windings are energized the amperage may be decreasedin greater proportion than the turns are increased. 'the total magnetizing effect is than the corresponding magnetizing efiect when winding 8 alone is energized. 'ihe electromagnetic flux produced in core 2 by the operating winding he shunted through the closed magnetic circuit formed by the two cores and the connecting members 3 and d, or a portion thereof may pass through the path formed by the air ga the armature 5 and the pole piece The agree to which the core 1 shunts the flux produced by winding 10 on core 2 from the air gap and armature 5 depends upon the intensity of the opposing magnetization produced by windings encore 1, the shunting action becoming less as the magnetization produced by the polarizing windings on core 1 is increased. That is, it the flux in core 1, op- 25' csing the flux in core 2, is of a lower value it ofiers less op osition to the flux of core 2 passing throng core 1 than if the flux in core 1 iscft a higher value. Thus, for examwhen hoth polarizing windings are energized the shunting action of core 1 is greater and the flux produced by winding 10 on core 2 is less efiective on the armature 5 than when only one of the polarizing windings is energized.

, It is obvious that this result can be obtained by other winding arrangements than the one shown, which is a preferred form.

' For example a greater intensity of magnetigized.

fully operate when both' 46' zation on core 1 might be produced when the -two windings 8 and 9 are energized than whcn'only one of these windings is enererating winding 10 energized, the relay'will olarizing windings are energized and partially operate when one vof the polarizin windings is energized. another examp e, a single. polarizing winding on core 1 may be utilized tor prodncing different degrees of magnetization by providing any well-known means for chang- .ing the current characteristics therein.

. tively wide limits without afiecting crating characteristics of the relay. Fig. 2

' lit follows that the operating current for the winding 10 may change within comparathe opillustrates this point. If the curve represents the electromagnetic .pull characteris'- tics when both of the polarizing windmgs.

are energized and curve 16 represents the electromagnetic pull characteristics when only one of the polarizing windirgs is energized, it will be seen that the di tween the two pullcharacteristics will remain practically constant for acconsiderable variation in-ampere turns forthe operating therefore less With this arrangement, and the op-' to ground.

erence benose windin Thus, as long as the pull repr sented hy the desired efiect on the armature, which may be represented by the line 17, and yet not exceed a certain amount, re resented by the line 18, it is evident that t e operating current or the ampere turns for the winding 10 may vary'between the lines 19 and20 without destroying the marginal charac 1 ristics of the relay. that the pull represented by the curve 16 should at the point crossed sufficient to full attract the armature.

A relay of this kind may be employed in a variety of circuit arrangements where definite and reliable distinctions between the two extent. This would be the case in circuits the curve 15 is sufiicient to cause it should be understood by line 19, be

where the operating current is supplied from lines of difierent lengths having difierent attenuation characteristics.

A circuit arrangement showing how a relay of this character may be used is illustrated in Fig. 3. This circuit is an ordinary line switch circuit, of the type shown in the above mentioned reference patents, with a relay as shown in Fig. 1 replacing the usual two-step relay. This relay is marked 26 with the operating winding and windings 28 and 3t corres ending to windings l0, 8 and 9 respectively of to relay shown in Fig. 1. The operation oi the circuit may be outlined as follows: If the subscriber of station A desires to establish a connection to central ofice, the removal of the receiver from the hook causes the operation of line rela 25. The circuit for this relay is exten ed through the two outer armatures and back contacts of the two-step relay 26. Rc- I lay 25 in operating places ground on the conductor 27 leading to the usual connector armatures and front contacts of relay 25,

Another circuit closed by the operation of relay 25 is the circuit for the winding. 30 from battery, through operatin armature and back-contra of the win g,

thestepping magnet 31, winding 30, outer left.hand armature and front contact of rela. 25, to ground. Whether the relay 26 or estepping magnet 31 are inthis. circuit depends on /whcther the brushes 32 01: the' line switch are associated with terminals of an idle or husy selector circuit. The-terminals of one of these circuits are indicated at 33 and may be connected to the usual selector of the type shown in the above mentioned reference patents.

to be operated that the brushes 32 are on the operate and continue to steip,

terminals of'a busy selector, it is well known in the art as shown in the above mentioned reference patents that the busy condition is electrically identified, by a ound potential on the sleeve conductor. i der this condition, the two-step relay 26 will not 0 erate since the operating windin is shunted y the ground on the sleeve con uctor of the line switch which is connected through the upper inner armature and back contact of relay 26 and inner armature and front contact of relay 25. The stepping magnet 31, however, is energized from this ound over a circuit as follows: battery, win ing, armature and back contact of stepping magnet 31, inner left hand armature and front contact of relay 25, inner armature and back contact of relay 26, to the sleeve conductor of the busy selector to The stepping magnet 31 will now due to its selfinterrupting contacts unt the brushes 32 are advanced to an idle selector.

When an idle selector havin no ground on its sleeve terminal is found, t e shunt for the operating winding 30 of relay 26'will removed so this relay is operated from the battery supplied through the winding of the stefping magnet 31 over the circuit hereinbe ore traced terminating at a ground on the outer armature and. front contact of relay 25. The electrical characteristics of the stepping magnet 31 are suchthat this magnet will not operate to advance its brushes when its circuit is in series with the operatingwinding of the relay 26. The line switch consequent- 1y stofis with its brushes on the terminals of t isi e selector. In this case, therefore, relay 26 energizes to attract itsarmature fully, as a large pull will be developed due to the fact that only one of the polarizing windings is ener The subscribers f line is now extended through to the idle selector, which as shown in the above mentioned reference patents supplies battery and ground to the subscribers line and a ground on the sleeve conductor. This latter ground is supplied before the line relay 25 releases. Relay 25 is released when its circuit is opened through the operation of relay 26. Relay 26 will now be held in an operating position by a circuit completed from battery, through the winding armature and back contact of the stepping magnet 31, the operating winding 30, upper inner armature and front contact of relay 26 to the ground on the sleeve conductor of the connected selector, and also "through a circuit from battery, the two polarizing windings in series to the ground on the sleeve conductor. Since rela 26 is in operated position it will be hek? operated even though the polarizing circuit is changed from winding 28 to in elude winding 34. Relay 26 is held operated until rele at the end of the call under -with the subscribers line at 35 control of the subscriber, as shown in the above mentioned reference patents. I

' The operation of the circuit for a call incoming to the subscriber is as follows: When a connector seizes the terminals associated ound is placed on conductor 27 as is well own in the art and shown in the above mentioned reference Patent N 0. 1,725,152. The twostep relay 26 is thereby energized from battery, through the polarizin windings 28 and 34 mseries aiding, to ground on the conductor 27 and through the 0 rating winding from battery, stepping re ay 31, the operating windin 30, to the ground on conductor 27. Since t e polarizing windings are in series aiding relation, and windin 28 and 34 are assumed to have the same e aracteristics as windings 8 and 9 respectively of the relay shown in Fig. 1, the relay will develop a relatively small pull and operate partiall to open the connection at the contacts 36 om the subscribers line to the line relay 25, and ground. Relay 26 will now be held in this position until the end of the call when it is restored by the removal of the ground on conductor 27 It should be understood that the use of a relay of this character is not limited to the circuit shown but maybe used to advantage in other systems where a relay having an action of this kind is desired, and the two operatin characteristics of the relay may be varie to suit different requirements without departing from the spirit of the invention.

What is claimed is:

1. A relay and plolarizmg windings, and means whereby w en said windings are e'ner d in one manner the armature is partia y attracted and when ener armature is fu y attracted.

2. A relay having an armature, an operating winding and a polarizing winding, and means including said windin whereby when said windings are energize in one manner the armature is partially attracted and when ener 'zed in another manner the armature is fu 1y attracted.

3. A relay having an armature, an operating winding and two polarizing'windings and means including said windings whereby when all three windings are energized the armature is partially attracted and when the operating winding and a certain one of the polarizin windings are energized the armature is fu ly attracted.

having an armature, operating zed in another manner the 4. A relay having two cores magnetically I connected at each end, anarmature, a separate magnetic connection between the cores,

ere energized the armeture is pertially a tracted towards the cores and when the operating winding and a certain one of the polarizing windings are energized the armature is fully attracted.

5. A relay having on armature, en operating winding, and two polarizing windings, said polarizing windings when energized in e series aiding relation producing a less magnetizing force than when only one of said polarizing windings is energized, and means including said windings whereby when the operating winding is energ zed and the two polarizing wlndin u are energized in the series aiding reletronthe armature is only partially attracted and when the operating winding and a certain one of said polarizing windings is energized the armature is fully attracted 6. A relay having an armature, an operating winding and two olarizing windings and means including said windings whereby the armature is moved with a less magnetiz- Zing-force when all three windingsare ener: gized than when only the operating winding and ascertain one of the polarizing windings Sill) are energized.

' 7. A rolle having an armature, and means including t ree separate windings for moving the armature with less magnetic flux w en an of said windings are energized thenwhen a certaintwo of said windings are energized.

8. A relay having an armature, an operating winding and two polarizing windings,

and means including said windings for moving the armature a certain distance when all three windings are energized and for -mov-' ing said armature at certain other greater distance when only the operating winding and a certain one of the polarizing windings are energized, I

9, A rel'ag having en armature and means including t ree separate windings for moving the armature a certain distance when all of said windings are energized and for moving the armature a certain other greater distence when a certain two of said windings are energized.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my namethis 21 day of December A; D,

JACOB R, FRY.

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